In electrical terminology, what does the term 'voltage' refer to?

The term 'voltage' specifically refers to the potential energy difference between two points in an electric circuit. This difference is what motivates electric charge to flow through a conductor, leading to the establishment of an electric current. Voltage can be thought of as the "pressure" that pushes electric charges through a circuit, much like water pressure in a pipe driving water through it.

Understanding voltage is fundamental because it is the driving force that causes current to flow, while concepts like current (the flow of electric charge) and resistance (the opposition to that flow) are interrelated. Without voltage, there would be no movement of charges; thus, it is a critical component of electrical systems.

In this context, the other terms mentioned—flow of current, total electricity, and resistance—relate to different aspects of electricity. However, they do not encapsulate the specific definition of voltage, which is centered around the potential energy difference that facilitates current flow in a circuit.