Which law states that current is directly proportional to voltage and inversely proportional to resistance?

Ohm's Law is fundamental in understanding the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance in an electrical circuit. It asserts that the electric current flowing through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across the two points and inversely proportional to the resistance of the conductor. This is mathematically expressed as ( I = \frac{V}{R} ), where ( I ) is the current, ( V ) is the voltage, and ( R ) is the resistance.

This principle is critical for analyzing and designing electrical circuits, as it provides a straightforward way to calculate one of these three variables if the other two are known. This fundamental understanding underlies much of electrical engineering and circuitry.

In contrast, Kirchhoff's Laws relate to the conservation of charge and energy in electrical circuits but do not specifically address the direct relationships defined by Ohm's Law. Faraday's Law pertains to electromagnetic induction and how changing magnetic fields can generate electric currents, while Newton's Law generally refers to motion in physics, therefore, those principles do not relate to the relationship between current, voltage, and resistance in the same way.